Two sleeps in animation

[George1935]

The listing below is a modification to a program in Campesato's excellent book "Java Graphics Programming: Concepts to Source Code," page 95. It draws a series of multicolored rectangles along a deltoid curve. I added start(), run(), and stop() methods to contol the animation; my objective being to slow down the loop and sleep a tenth of a second or so between drawing each individual rectangle and then another sleep of a few seconds after the entire figure is drawn before it redraws itself. The long sleep after the whole figure is drawn was straight forward; works fine, but try as I may I can't slow down drawing the rectangles. Would someone please show me what I'm missing here? I commented out some of my failed attempts but left them in the listing so you can see the kinds I was trying.

Thank you
George1935

Code:

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import javax.swing.*;

public class MyOscillatingRectangles01 extends JApplet implements Runnable
{
    Thread animator; 
//    boolean blankScreen;
    private int loopCount = 0;
    private Image    offScreen;
    private Graphics offScreenG;
   
    private int x;
    private int xCoord;
    private int yCoord; 
    private int angle; 
    private int width      = 800;
    private int height     = 800;
    private int basePointX = 400;  // positions figure on screen
    private int basePointY = 300;  // positions figure on screen
    private int currentX   = basePointX;
    private int currentY   = basePointY;
    private double offsetX    = 0;
    private double offsetY    = 0;
    private double sineAngle1 = 0;
    private double sineAngle2 = 0;
    private double cosineAngle1 = 0;
    private double cosineAngle2 = 0;
    private int anglePartition = 12;  //affects colors
    private int branch = 0;
    private int radius = 90;   //determines overall size
    private int eHeight    = 70;  // rectangle height
    private int eWidth     = 70;  // rectangle width
    private int startTheta = 0;
    private int endTheta   = 360;
    private int angleSpan = endTheta-startTheta;

    private Color[] rectangleColors = 
    {
      Color.red, Color.green, Color.blue, Color.yellow,
      Color.white, Color.cyan, Color.orange
    };  // ends rectangleColors

   private int colorCount = rectangleColors.length;
 
   public void init()
   {
      offScreen  = createImage(getWidth(), getHeight());
      offScreenG = offScreen.getGraphics();
   } // ends init 
   
   public void start() 
   {
     animator = new Thread(this);
     animator.start();
   }  /*** Ends public void start ***/
   
 
   public void paint(Graphics gc)
   {
      offScreenG.setColor(Color.cyan);
      offScreenG.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
      offScreenG.setColor(Color.blue);
      drawSpiral(offScreenG, gc);
   } // ends paint

   public void drawSpiral(Graphics gc, Graphics gcMain)
   {
       for(int angle=startTheta; angle<endTheta; angle++)
       {
         if( angle % anglePartition == 0 ) { ++branch; } // varies color

         sineAngle1 = Math.sin(angle*Math.PI/180);
         sineAngle2 = Math.sin(3*angle*Math.PI/180);

         cosineAngle1 = Math.cos(angle*Math.PI/180);
         cosineAngle2 = Math.cos(3*angle*Math.PI/180);

         offsetX = radius*(2*cosineAngle1+cosineAngle2);
         offsetY = radius*(2*sineAngle1-sineAngle2);

         currentX = basePointX+(int)offsetX;
         currentY = basePointY+(int)offsetY;
 
         drawRectangle(gc, angle, currentX, currentY);
         gcMain.drawImage(offScreen, 0, 0, this);
       }  // ends for loop
   } // ends drawSpiral

   public void drawRectangle(Graphics gc, int x, int xCoord, int yCoord)
   {
      gc.setColor(rectangleColors[((x%2)*2+branch)%colorCount]);
      gc.fillRect(xCoord, yCoord, eWidth, eHeight); 
   } // ends drawRectangle
   
   public void run()
   {
       while (Thread.currentThread() == animator)
       {
//           for(int angle=startTheta; angle<endTheta; angle++)
//           branch++;
//           currentX++;
//           if( angle % anglePartition == 0 ) { ++branch; } 


           repaint();
           {
           try
           {
               Thread.sleep(2000);
           }
           catch (InterruptedException e)
           {
               break;
           }
           
 //           for(int angle=startTheta; angle<endTheta; angle++)  
      try
           {
               Thread.sleep(20);
           }
           catch (InterruptedException e)
           {
               break;
           }     
           
           
           }

        }
    } // ends run

    public void stop()
    {
        animator = null;
    } // ends stop
} // ends class MyOscillatingRectangles01

[Norm]

Have you found out where the animations are being created?
Somewhere in the applet there is code to draw an rectangle and then another and then another and so on. It must be in a loop. To add time between the drawing of one rectangle and the next one, where would be a good place to sleep? Add println statements to see where and what is happening.
Why do You have 2 sleep statements one after the other? Why not one for 2020?

[George1935]

The loop is set up in the drawSpiral method() which then calls drawRectangle() to draw the rectangles. The sleep(2000) statement makes it sleep 2 seconds after the whole figure is drawn (that works). The sleep(20) - which is the one I can't get to work - was intended to cause a slight delay between drawing each individual rectangle.

[Norm]

It was a slow afternoon.

Code:

Following allows AppletViewer on this source
<APPLET CODE=OsclRectApplet WIDTH=750 HEIGHT=550>
<PARAM NAME=DELAY VALUE=20>
</APPLET>
*/

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import javax.swing.*;

public class OsclRectApplet extends JApplet implements Runnable  {
    Thread animator; 
    private Image    offScreen;        // Draw image here
    private Graphics offScreenG;
   
    // Define constants for the app
    final private int width      = 750;
    final private int height     = 550;
    final private int basePointX = 300; // positions figure on screen
    final private int basePointY = 255; // positions figure on screen
    final private int eHeight    = 60;  // rectangle height
    final private int eWidth     = 60;  // rectangle width
    final private int startTheta = 0;
    final private int endTheta   = 360;
    final private int anglePartition = 12;  //affects colors
    final private int radius = 90;   //determines overall size

    private int branch = 0;  // index into colors

    final private Color BackGround = Color.lightGray;
    final private Color[] rectangleColors = 
    {
      Color.red, Color.green, Color.blue, Color.yellow,
      Color.white, Color.cyan, Color.orange, Color.black
    };  // ends rectangleColors

   final private int colorCount = rectangleColors.length;

   // Controls for timing of drawings
   private int delay = 2;              // time to delay between displays of squares
   private int timeToNext = 2000;      // time between spirals
 
   //-----------------------------------------------------------------
   public void init()    {
      offScreen  = createImage(getWidth(), getHeight());
      System.out.println(getWidth() + " " + getHeight());
      offScreenG = offScreen.getGraphics();
      String delayS = getParameter("DELAY");
      if(delayS != null) {
         delay = Integer.parseInt(delayS);
         System.out.println("delay=" + delay);
      }
   } // ends init 
   
   public void start()     {
     animator = new Thread(this);
     animator.start();
   }  /*** Ends public void start ***/
   
   public void run()   {
       // Continuous loop to show spiral
       while (Thread.currentThread() == animator)        {
         if(animator == null)
            break;                     // We've been stopped

         // Blank the screen
         offScreenG.setColor(BackGround);
         offScreenG.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
         offScreenG.setColor(Color.blue);  // first color?

         for(int angle = startTheta; angle < endTheta; angle++)        {
           if( angle % anglePartition == 0 ) { ++branch; } // varies color
           drawSpiral(angle, offScreenG);      // go draw a square       
           repaint();
           try {Thread.sleep(delay);} catch (InterruptedException e){}  
         } //end for
         // What before drawing the next one
         try           {
            Thread.sleep(timeToNext);
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            break;
         }
       } // end while()
       System.out.println("exiting run");
    } // ends run

 
   public void paint(Graphics gc)    {
      gc.drawImage(offScreen, 0, 0, this);
   } // ends paint

   private void drawSpiral(int angle, Graphics gc)    {
         double sineAngle1 = Math.sin(angle*Math.PI/180);
         double sineAngle2 = Math.sin(3*angle*Math.PI/180);

         double cosineAngle1 = Math.cos(angle*Math.PI/180);
         double cosineAngle2 = Math.cos(3*angle*Math.PI/180);

         double offsetX = radius*(2*cosineAngle1+cosineAngle2);
         double offsetY = radius*(2*sineAngle1-sineAngle2);

         int currentX = basePointX+(int)offsetX;
         int currentY = basePointY+(int)offsetY;
         if(currentY > (height-eHeight)) {
//            System.out.println("currentY=" + currentY);    //NB - GOES OFF BOTTOM OF SCREEN 
         }
         drawRectangle(gc, angle, currentX, currentY);
   } // ends drawSpiral

   private void drawRectangle(Graphics gc, int x, int xCoord, int yCoord)    {
      gc.setColor(rectangleColors[((x%2)*2+branch)%colorCount]);
      gc.fillRect(xCoord, yCoord, eWidth, eHeight); 
   } // ends drawRectangle
   
    public void stop()     {
        animator = null;
    } // ends stop
} // ends class

[George1935]

Thanks a lot, Norm. I really appreciate your help. Not only did you answer my question, your solution included a couple of neat tricks I never would've thought of.

George